{"id":994,"date":"2026-09-30T15:00:48","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T15:00:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dentistrykazakhstan.kz\/?p=994"},"modified":"2026-10-02T18:21:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T18:21:24","slug":"%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b3%d0%bc%d1%8b-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b7%d1%8d%d0%bc%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b5%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bb%d1%8e%d1%81%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%be-%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dentistrykazakhstan.kz\/en\/%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b3%d0%bc%d1%8b-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b7%d1%8d%d0%bc%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b5%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bb%d1%8e%d1%81%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%be-%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%86\/","title":{"rendered":"STIGMATA OF CRANIOFACIAL DYSEMBRYOGENESIS IN CHILDREN: A COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN THE ARAL SEA REGION"},"content":{"rendered":"

Received: 02 September 2026<\/em>
\nAccepted: 23 September 2026<\/em>
\nPublished online: 30 September 2026<\/em>
\nUDC: (616.31+616.716)-007-053.2
\nIRSTI: 76.29.55<\/p>\n

DOI: 10.70113\/1815-9443.2026.58.32.001<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

STIGMATA OF CRANIOFACIAL DYSEMBRYOGENESIS IN CHILDREN: <\/strong>A COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN THE ARAL SEA REGION<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Rysbayeva Zh.I. \u00b9, Karkimbayeva G.A. \u00b9*, Mussayev B.S. \u00b2, Abdrazakov A.Kh. \u00b2,<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abdikarimov S.Zh. \u00b9, Karzhaubaeva M.M. \u00b2<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00b9 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan<\/p>\n

\u00b2 Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan<\/p>\n

*Corresponding author: G.A. Karkimbayeva, e-mail: gulshahar_07@mail.ru<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Introduction.<\/strong> Stigmata of dysembryogenesis are minor morphological anomalies formed during intrauterine development. Their clustering may be associated with systemic connective-tissue features and adverse environmental exposures, whereas individual phenotypic signs have limited independent diagnostic value.<\/p>\n

Objective<\/strong>. To determine the prevalence of craniofacial stigmata of dysembryogenesis among children living in the Aral Sea region and to compare the findings with a comparison group from Almaty and the Almaty Region.<\/p>\n

Materials and Methods<\/strong>. This comparative cross-sectional study included 793 children aged 7\u201316 years. The study group comprised 500 children from the Kyzylorda Region (Aralsk, Kyzylorda, and Shieli; 256 boys and 244 girls), while the comparison group included 293 children from Almaty and the Almaty Region (142 boys and 151 girls). Craniofacial stigmata of dysembryogenesis were assessed clinically; unclassifiable phenotypes were interpreted using the M.F. Waldrop scale. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.<\/p>\n

Results<\/strong>. Stigmata of dysembryogenesis were identified in 83.1% of the 793 examined children (n=659). Microanomalies were detected in 91.6% of the study group (458\/500) and 68.6% of the comparison group (201\/293). A high level of stigmatization was observed in 43.0% of the study group (n=197) versus 16.4% of the comparison group (n=33), a 2.6-fold difference. The most frequent findings included a short lingual frenulum, low attachment of the maxillary labial frenulum, and malocclusion.<\/p>\n

Discussion.<\/strong> The higher frequency of microanomalies and high stigmatization levels among children from the Aral Sea region indicates marked differences between the examined groups. Because of the cross-sectional design, causal relationships between environmental exposures and the observed phenotypes cannot be established; the findings should therefore be interpreted primarily in terms of screening and clinical monitoring.<\/p>\n

Conclusion.<\/strong> The identified microanomalies may have limited diagnostic value when considered individually; however, their clustering may serve as an additional clinical marker warranting more comprehensive pediatric, dental, and, where appropriate, genetic assessment.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> stigmata of dysembryogenesis, craniofacial region, oral microanomalies, Aral Sea region, children, dental status.<\/p>\n\n